Anastase DZUDIE1, Grace TOCKI TOUTOU2*, Rogers AJEH2, NJIH AKINDE3, AdebolaADEJIMEJI4, Anastos KATHRYN5
1Douala General Hospital ; 2Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy (CRENC) ; 3University of Yaounde I ; 4Albert Einstein college of medecine,United States ; 5Montefiore Medical Center,United States
CaHReF 2018, Yaoundé Congres hall, 08 – 11 January 2019 , OAU061
Background: Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) has the widest HIV-infected population with about 26 million people living with HIV (PLWH). By 2020, 90% of PLWH will know their HIV status, 90% tested positive will receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and, 90% receiving ART will have viral suppression. Because PLWH are growing and ageing, some develop CVD including hypertension.
Objectif: The aim of this study was to assess the trend in the prevalence rate of hypertension among adults PLWH followed at three hospitals in Cameroon.
Methodology: We analysed the blood pressure data of patients enrolled in three International Epidemiologic Database to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) study clinics, namely Limbe Regional hospital, Bamenda Regional hospital and the Jamot hospital in Yaounde. In this analysis, we considered data from 2014 to 2017. Files of all PLWH aged 21years enrolled in care in 2014 were reviewed and sociodemographic, laboratory and clinical data, including blood pressure data was captured. Hypertension was defined as systolic (and/or diastolic) blood pressure (BP) 140 (90) mm Hg, or ongoing BP- lowering medications. Analysis were done using Epi info version 2.0. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05 at 95% confidence interval.
Results: We included 875 files, mean age was 42.6 ±10.6 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% in 2014. The trend in the prevalence rate was inconsistent over the years; a drop from 24.2% in 2014 to 20.2% in 2015, a rise to 26.3% in 2016, then a drop to 18.9% in 2017. The prevalence among males was higher compared to that among females each year. Patients with WHO clinical stage III were twice at risk of hypertension compared to those with WHO clinical stage I (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.19-6.16, p=0.02) and those with CD4 cell count ?350cells/µl had 14.43 times the odds of hypertension compared to those with CD4 <350cells/ µl (95% CI 7.42-28.07, p= <0.001).
Conclusion/Recommandation: The burden of hypertension among PLWH in this study was high with an inconsistent trend and was associated with the WHO clinical stage III and CD4 cell count? 350 cells/µl. These results warrant further studies in lager sample and for a longer follow-up period to better understand the determinants of hypertension in PLWH. Also, actions must be geared towards enhancing prevention, treatment and control of hypertension in this population.
Key Words: HIV/AIDS, hypertension, trend, prevalence, Cameroon.